全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2643篇 |
免费 | 570篇 |
国内免费 | 126篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 614篇 |
晶体学 | 4篇 |
力学 | 243篇 |
综合类 | 68篇 |
数学 | 274篇 |
物理学 | 2136篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 30篇 |
2022年 | 49篇 |
2021年 | 73篇 |
2020年 | 64篇 |
2019年 | 44篇 |
2018年 | 49篇 |
2017年 | 113篇 |
2016年 | 125篇 |
2015年 | 182篇 |
2014年 | 227篇 |
2013年 | 178篇 |
2012年 | 176篇 |
2011年 | 222篇 |
2010年 | 148篇 |
2009年 | 178篇 |
2008年 | 202篇 |
2007年 | 164篇 |
2006年 | 151篇 |
2005年 | 142篇 |
2004年 | 133篇 |
2003年 | 119篇 |
2002年 | 85篇 |
2001年 | 92篇 |
2000年 | 61篇 |
1999年 | 52篇 |
1998年 | 46篇 |
1997年 | 39篇 |
1996年 | 36篇 |
1995年 | 23篇 |
1994年 | 18篇 |
1993年 | 15篇 |
1992年 | 23篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 11篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3339条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Xinhuan Feng Linghao Cheng Jie Li Zhaohui Li Bai-ou Guan 《Optics & Laser Technology》2011,43(7):1355-1357
A simple approach for photonic generation of a tunable microwave signal is proposed and successfully demonstrated. By mixing the output from a single-longitudinal-mode Brillouin fiber ring laser with the reflected laser pump at photodetector, a microwave signal at the Brillouin shift can be obtained. Since the Brillouin shift can be changed by tuning the pump wavelength, tunable microwave can be generated. As a result a microwave signal tunable from 10.39 to 10.67 GHz has been achieved, with linewidth less than 600 KHz. 相似文献
102.
Photonic generation of microwave signals using dual-wavelength single-longitudinal-mode fiber lasers
Photonic generation of microwave signals is demonstrated with a dual-wavelength single-longitudinal-mode erbium-doped fiber ring laser. Microwave signal with a frequency of 21.07 GHz is obtained by aligning the reflection band of a uniform fiber Bragg grating to the two transmission peaks within a fiber Bragg grating-based Fabry-Perot filter. Stable dual-wavelength single-longitudinal-mode operation is guaranteed by means of the combined filtering effect of a saturable absorber and the Fabry-Perot filter. This approach provides an effective solution to the photonic generation of high-frequency microwave signals. 相似文献
103.
Lensless in-line digital particle holography (DPH) can be thought of as a special case of photography, and its depth of focus (DoF) characteristics combine those of both photography and holography. The effect of important parameters such as the pixel size and the number of pixels in a charge-coupled device (CCD), the object's distance, the wavelength of the laser, and the particle diameter on the DoF of a reconstruction image in lensless in-line DPH was investigated using simulation holograms. The DoF is directly proportional to the object distance and the particle size. As the wavelength of the laser increases, the DoF decreases. The DoF is inversely proportional to the pixel size and to the number of pixels in a CCD. Instead of expressing nonspecific proportional relationships for DoF, the DoF prediction equations for typical CCD cameras were obtained using DoF data from many simulation holograms and efficient data-fitting software. Finally, the DoF prediction equations were verified using real holograms from a calibration target for several cases. Good agreement between measured and predicted values was confirmed. 相似文献
104.
Holographic watermarking for authentication of cut images 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Giuseppe Schirripa Spagnolo Michele De Santis 《Optics and Lasers in Engineering》2011,49(12):1447-1455
A watermarking technique, with a Computer Generated Hologram (CGH) coding system of the mark, is introduced and tested. The CGH watermarking can be used to authenticate parts of the original image. The hologram of the mark is embedded in the spatial domain by a blind additive embedding technique. The use of holography allows authenticating cuts of the original image, is the major novelty of this paper. The proposed methodology is characterized as an authentication technique, since it does not rely on the original image to decide whether the watermarked image has been altered or not and at the same time it is able to detect and localize any possible malicious change. Asymmetric cryptography is used to hide the hash information in an unambiguous way (non-repudiation property). 相似文献
105.
A.M.R. Sousa J. Xavier J.J.L. Morais V.M.J. Filipe M. Vaz 《Optics and Lasers in Engineering》2011,49(12):1402-1412
In this paper, a digital image correlation (DIC) method coupling cross-correlation with spatio-temporal differential techniques was proposed for assessing discontinuous displacement fields. The accuracy and robustness of the algorithm was assessed on a set of numerical tests by processing computer generated speckled-pattern images. Fracture mechanical tests in mode I were considered, in which both in-plane and out-of-plane rigid-body movements were taken into account. The ability for recovering the analytical asymptotic displacement field in mode I was analysed, and stress intensity factor, crack opening displacement and crack tip location were used as quantitative parameters for validation purposes. Throughout these tests, the results obtained with the proposed method were systematically compared to the ones from Aramis DIC-2D commercial code. Globally, the results computed from both methods are in good agreement with reference values. However, due to the high spatial resolution (point-wise characteristic), a better matching of the displacements in the neighbour of discontinuities could be obtained by the proposed method. 相似文献
106.
L.C.S. Nunes 《Optics and Lasers in Engineering》2011,49(5):640-646
The aim of this work is to estimate two important material properties of the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) polymer by means of a single experimental test. The displacement fields around a crack tip are used for estimating the modulus of elasticity (or, Young's modulus) and Poisson's ratio. These parameters are evaluated by fitting linear fracture mechanic expression of displacement fields in the vicinity of the crack, for mode I, to the experimental data. Measurements of these displacements are carried out using digital image correlation (DIC) method. In this way, the experimental procedure is conducted by loading a double-edge-cracked plate specimen. In order to validate the results, two available experimental tests have been performed. The modulus of elasticity is determined by means of the tensile test, using a standard test machine. Moreover, the Poisson's ratio is obtained by measuring lateral compressive and longitudinal extensional strain using DIC method. 相似文献
107.
P. Lava S. CoppietersY. Wang P. Van HoutteD. Debruyne 《Optics and Lasers in Engineering》2011,49(1):57-65
The determination of strain fields based on displacement components obtained via 2D-DIC is subject to several errors that originate from various sources. In this contribution, we study the impact of a non-perpendicular camera alignment to a planar sheet metal specimen's surface. The errors are estimated in a numerical experiment. To this purpose, deformed images - that were obtained by imposing finite element (FE) displacement fields on an undeformed image - are numerically rotated for various Euler angles. It is shown that a 3D-DIC stereo configuration induces a substantial compensation for the introduced image-plane displacement gradients. However, higher strain accuracy and precision are obtained - up to the level of a perfect perpendicular alignment - in a proposed “rectified” 2D-DIC setup. This compensating technique gains benefit from both 2D-DIC (single camera view, basic amount of correlation runs, no cross-camera matching nor triangulation) and 3D-DIC (oblique angle compensation). Our conclusions are validated in a real experiment on SS304. 相似文献
108.
A.L. SampaioD.C. Lobão L.C.S. NunesP.A.M. dos Santos L. Silva J.A.O. Huguenin 《Optics and Lasers in Engineering》2011,49(1):32-35
In this paper, we present a study of metallic surface roughness using the Hurst exponent calculated from speckle pattern. A set of samples was prepared using polishing techniques and the roughness was directly measured by means of an optical profilometer. To study the H exponent, an experiment was performed by illuminating the samples using an expanded laser beam and the surface image was captured by a CCD camera. We applied techniques of the Hurst exponent calculation, traditionally calculated from surface profile, in the digitalized speckle patterns generated by the rough surfaces. We showed a clear dependence of the H exponent on roughness of the samples. We demonstrated that this tool is very sensitive to defects in the surfaces and can be used for roughness control. 相似文献
109.
Digital image correlation approach to cracking and decohesion in a brittle coating/ductile substrate system 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
By using a digital image correlation technique, the full/local field strain in a brittle coating/ductile substrate system during tension has been successfully monitored. One of the most important experimental results indicates that the distribution of interfacial shear stress in the segmented coating is antisymmetric about the center, which clarifies several controversial assumptions introduced in theoretical models. Two key mechanical properties of thermal barrier coatings, fracture strength in coating and interfacial adhesion strength, were determined as 35.0 ± 4.6 and 14.1 ± 3.2 MPa, respectively, which are consistent with available experimental data. 相似文献
110.